Nanoparticle applications in intracellular infections

Objective: To review selected recent studies on the therapeutic applications of nanoparticles and nanoparticle-conjugated antimicrobials as new alternatives for a variety intracellular infections.
 Data Sources: Recent published papers infections, including bacterial, viral, parasitic diseases in humans. The PubMed database was used main source. Publicly available were retrieved.
 Summary Contents: Therapeutic failure infections is challenging clinical problem. Antibiotics, anti-parasitics, antivirals, other drugs might not reach effective levels compartments; these agents high doses become toxic may show undesirable effects. Researchers have been looking alternative strategies to spaces. development novel release mechanisms currently research priority infectious diseases. With this background, approaches such those based nanotechnology, fabrication drug nanocarriers, are increasing interest researchers clinicians. goal nanocarriers provide controlled into cellular compartments with selectivity, higher efficiency, better outcomes, less toxicity, more rational dosing schemes compared traditional ones. Biocompatibility ensure affinity reticuloendothelial immunological systems, which facilitate delivery compartments.
 Conclusion: Nanoparticle systems great potential diseases, particularly difficult-to-treat caused by pathogens. These tested several drugs, enzymes, genes, peptides, showing long half-lives due their hydrophilic coatings. optimization nanoparticle-based has improved our understanding different underlying biological interactions engineering even complex nanoparticles.
 Keywords: Nanoparticles, therapeutics.